What is the definition of internal rotation in relation to joint movement?

Internal rotation refers to the movement of a joint that brings a limb or body part toward the midline of the body. This action typically occurs in ball-and-socket joints like the shoulder and hip, where the structure allows for multidimensional movement. For example, when someone lifts their arm and turns it so the palm faces backward, that action is an internal rotation of the shoulder joint.

The definition emphasizes the importance of understanding directions in anatomy and movement, particularly in sports medicine, where precise movements can impact performance and injury prevention. Recognizing internal rotation helps professionals assess and prescribe exercises or stretches that maintain proper joint function and alignment, which can be critical during physical therapy or athletic training. Understanding concepts like internal rotation can greatly enhance the ability to communicate about biomechanics and movement patterns effectively.