What is periodization in terms of fitness training?

Periodization refers to the systematic planning of athletic training and involves the division of a training program into smaller, progressive stages. This method enhances the effectiveness of training by allowing for structured variations in intensity, volume, and type of exercise over specific periods. By organizing training into distinct phases—such as preparation, competition, and recovery—athletes can optimize their performance, prevent overtraining, and target various fitness components at different times throughout the training cycle.

This approach enables athletes to build strength gradually, peak at the right times for competitions, and reduce the risk of injuries associated with continuous high-intensity training. Periodization also allows for the inclusion of rest and recovery, which are critical for muscle repair and growth, ensuring that athletes perform at their best.