What is characterized by the distal segments of the body being fixed on a surface during exercise?

Closed chain exercise is characterized by the distal segments of the body being fixed on a surface during the activity. This means that when performing these exercises, such as squats or push-ups, the hands or feet remain in a stationary position against a surface like the ground or a wall. This type of exercise often involves multiple joints and muscle groups working together, leading to greater stability and functional movement patterns.

Closed chain exercises are effective for improving strength and coordination, particularly in weight-bearing activities, and they are often utilized in rehabilitation settings to enhance joint stability and functionality. This contrasts with open chain exercises, where the distal segments are free to move and not fixed, typically focusing on single-joint movements. Plyometric exercises and static stretching serve different purposes and do not emphasize the fixed position of distal segments in the same way as closed chain exercises.